BARNABAS ZULU
A groundbreaking conservation initiative is unlocking the hidden dynamics of African ecosystems using cutting-edge DNA technology. The Molecular Ecological Network Analysis (MENA) project is utilising environmental DNA (eDNA) to reveal the complex relationships between species across Africa — including in Zambia’s Kafue National Park.
African Parks, which manages Kafue, is using eDNA sampling to build “ecological networks”—visual maps that illustrate the structure and interactions within ecosystems. These networks allow scientists to compare healthy and stressed environments, identifying disruptions and tailoring conservation strategies accordingly.
“MENA is helping us unravel the intricate web of life, one strand at a time,” said Dr Jordana Meyer Morgan, Project Manager for the MENA team. “It reveals how organisms are interconnected and dependent on one another, uncovering the invisible threads of ecological relationships.”
Kafue National Park, one of Africa’s largest and most biodiverse parks, is among five sites chosen for the initiative. Over 7,775 faecal, soil, and water samples have been collected across Zambia, Rwanda, Angola, Republic of Congo, and Chad by more than 160 trained park staff, volunteers, and local researchers.
This advanced approach combines eDNA metabarcoding with Ecological Network Analysis, offering a non-invasive method of capturing the DNA that animals leave behind in their environment. This data offers unprecedented insights into biodiversity, ecosystem health, and species interdependence—especially for elusive or nocturnal animals.
“MENA allows us to move beyond species lists to a deeper understanding of how ecosystems function,” said Sally Reece, Regional Biodiversity and Science Support for African Parks. “This is vital for smarter conservation decision-making.”
With the sample collection phase now complete, scientists are analysing the genetic data to inform future conservation planning. The findings are expected to significantly improve ecological monitoring and the long-term protection of Africa’s rich natural heritage.
